Torsional Friction Behavior of Contact Interface Between PEEK and CoCrMo in Calf Serum

Abstract

Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) and its composites are recognized as alternative bearing materials for use in arthroplasty because of their excellent mechanical properties. In this paper, torsional friction tests of PEEK against the CoCrMo alloy, simulating the contact mode between the prosthesis tibia and femur, were carried out under a 25% calf serum solution in a Leeds Prosim knee simulator. The torsional friction behavior of PEEK against the CoCrMo alloy was investigated under various normal loads (1000 N, 1600 N and 2200 N), torsional angular displacement amplitudes (±1 deg, ±3 deg, and ±5 deg), and the number of cycles (7500, 15,000, and 30,000). The torsional friction characteristics and damage mechanism are discussed. The results show that PEEK exhibited low friction coefficient under the different conditions. With increases in the torsional angle and normal load, three types of torque/angular displacement amplitude (T–θ) curves (i.e., linear, parallelogram, and elliptical loops) were observed and analyzed during the process of torsional friction. With the increase of the torsional angle, the coefficient of friction decreases. And the contact states change from the partial slip regime to the slip regime. The greater the torsional angle displacement, the more severe the damage to the PEEK surface. With an increase in the normal load, the wear scars increased. The wear depth is deepened and the width is widened, and the wear gradually becomes serious with an increase in the load. The small load is more likely to cause damage to the central area of PEEK, and the larger load causes more serious damage to the marginal region. The central and marginal regions of the PEEK sample have different wear characteristics. The worn surfaces of the central regions were characterized by convex ridges resulting from plastic deformation, while curved ploughs and fatigue peeling appeared in the marginal region. The wear mechanism of PEEK in the central region is plastic deformation, while fatigue wear and abrasive wear mainly appeared in the marginal region.