Abstract
Suppose a tank initially full of water is drained through a small hole at the bottom. At what rate does the water level drop? How long does it take to empty the tank? A mathematical model is formulated to answer these questions. An experiment is also conducted to check if the prediction agrees with observation. A novel modification to the mathematical model is presented to bring theory and observation in harmony. This involves accounting for the non-uniform velocity profile through the exit hole. Unsteady effects resulting from the acceleration of the fluid is also explored theoretically. The problem and solution procedure is suitable for an introductory physics course.
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