Abstract
We experimentally demonstrate for the first time the toroidal dipolar response in metamaterials based on clusters of cylindrical dielectric particles in microwave frequency range. Instead of expensive ceramic elements we used distilled water with permittivity at room temperature is about 75, while the dielectric loss tangent is not large at frequencies up to 4 GHz. Moreover, we show all-dielectric metamaterial consisting of water box with hollow tubes which is more practical for future applications. Our findings also demonstrate that the proposed ideas can be applicable in optics with low-index dielectrics.
Highlights
We experimentally demonstrate for the first time the toroidal dipolar response in metamaterials based on clusters of cylindrical dielectric particles in microwave frequency range
The toroidal dipole moment is excluded from consideration in classical electrodynamics, we need to take into account its contribution for correct description the structures with toroidal topology
Its manifestation has been shown in microwave based on periodically arranged clusters of 4 SRR’s (Split Ring Resonators), in which the conductive currents were excited resembling the poloidal currents flowing along the meridians of the torus by plane electromagnetic wave[3]. This configuration provided the suppressed magnetic and electric moments, and the manifistation of the toroidal dipole in the metamolecules. It was the first demonstration of the dynamic toroidal response in metamaterials, which stimulated the progress of other metamaterials mimicking the toroidal topology[1]
Summary
We experimentally demonstrate for the first time the toroidal dipolar response in metamaterials based on clusters of cylindrical dielectric particles in microwave frequency range. Its manifestation has been shown in microwave based on periodically arranged clusters of 4 SRR’s (Split Ring Resonators), in which the conductive currents were excited resembling the poloidal currents flowing along the meridians of the torus by plane electromagnetic wave[3] This configuration provided the suppressed magnetic and electric moments, and the manifistation of the toroidal dipole in the metamolecules. Optical magnetic moment, Fano-resonance in hybrid structures, negative permittivity and permeability and even toroidal response were demonstrated in all-dielectric metamaterials[6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20]. Clusters of the second metamaterial are the inverted version of the first one, that is the high index dielectric slab with perforated identical cylindrical holes (Fig. 1b)
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