Abstract
The purposes of the paper are threefold: 1) to show the fundamental possibility of physical simulation of non-stationary wall-free concentrated air vortices (called here as tornado-like vortices) under laboratory conditions without using of the mechanical rotation, 2) to find the heating rates of underlying surface and air temporal and spatial temperature shear which lead to the stable genesis of wall-free vortices, and 3) to investigate the some parameters of the process of generation of vortices and their characteristics. The wall-free vortices were generated over underlying surface of aluminum sheet due to its controlled heating from below as a result of development of unstable stratifycation of air.
Highlights
Tornadoes have been reported in many countries in the world, such as Australia, Austria 1, Bermuda Islands, Britain 2, Canada, China, England, France, Germany 3, Holland, Hungary, India, Italy 4, Lithuania 5, Russia, Japan 6 and many others
They are most frequent in spring and summer during the late afternoon on the central plains and in the South-Eastern states in the United States
Each year an average of a thousand tornadoes are reported in the United States
Summary
Tornadoes have been reported in many countries in the world, such as Australia, Austria 1 , Bermuda Islands, Britain 2 , Canada, China, England, France, Germany 3 , Holland, Hungary, India, Italy 4 , Lithuania 5 , Russia, Japan 6 and many others They are most frequent in spring and summer during the late afternoon on the central plains and in the South-Eastern states in the United States. In this paper we use the simple experimental setup allowing to make controlled heating of aluminum plate top surface (called here as underlying surface) and to generate the wall-free non-stationary swirl structures (called as tornado-like vortices) over the plate due to the unstable air stratification (the warm air near the top surface and the cold air over him).
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