Torasemide in comparison with thiazides in the treatment of hypertension

Abstract

There are a number of clinically relevant differences between torasemide and the thiazide diuretics in the treatment of hypertension. Only 2.5-5 mg torasemide once daily is sufficient for antihypertensive treatment; these low doses of torasemide exert comparable antihypertensive effects to those of the overtly natriuretic doses of thiazides (e.g., hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg) that are currently used once daily for the treatment of hypertension. Whereas natriuretic thiazide doses reduce blood pressure rapidly, the blood pressure-lowering effect of low-dose torasemide appears to occur more gradually during the first weeks of treatment. The diurnal blood pressure rhythm is not altered by either drug. In contrast to the thiazides, torasemide does not cause significant renal potassium loss in doses recommended to treat hypertension. Long-term antihypertensive treatment with torasemide has not resulted in undesired metabolic side effects, such as hypomagnesemia, alterations in glucose and lipid metabolism, or hyperuricemia. As compared with the thiazides, torasemide appears to be a safer and equally effective alternative for antihypertensive treatment when subdiuretic doses of this loop diuretic are used.