Abstract

In this article, we develop a description of topological pumps as slow classical dynamical variables coupled by a quantum system. We discuss the cases of quantum Hall pumps, Thouless pumps, and the more recent Floquet pumps based frequency converters. This last case corresponds to a quantum topological coupling between classical modes described by action-angle variables on which we focus. We propose a realization of such a topological coupler based on a superconducting qutrit suitably driven by three modulated drives. A detailed experimental protocol allowing to measure the quantized topological power transfer between the different modes of a superconducting circuit is discussed.

Highlights

  • Topological properties of matter have always been discussed in relation with topological pumping

  • We develop a description of topological pumps as slow classical dynamical variables coupled by a quantum system

  • Pumping manifests itself as an anomalous velocity in real space for the quantum Hall and Thouless pumps, or an anomalous velocity in the harmonic Floquet space for the frequency converter. This anomalous velocity was initially identified in the case of the quantum Hall effect in a crystal [23–25], and originates from a Berry curvature whose average value defines a Chern number characterizing the topological nature of the pump

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Summary

INTRODUCTION

Topological properties of matter have always been discussed in relation with topological pumping. Pumping manifests itself as an anomalous velocity in real space for the quantum Hall and Thouless pumps, or an anomalous velocity in the harmonic Floquet space for the frequency converter This anomalous velocity was initially identified in the case of the quantum Hall effect in a crystal [23–25], and originates from a Berry curvature whose average value defines a Chern number characterizing the topological nature of the pump. It was recently measured in the cold atom [6–8] and optical waveguides [10] realizations of a Thouless pump. The topological pumping leads to a topological redistribution of energy between the three microwave modes

Dynamics of classical degrees of freedom adiabatically coupled to a quantum system
Hamilton equations of motion
Condition of adiabaticity
Geometrical power transfer
Massive classical particles
Classical modes
Topological versus geometrical couplings
D = 2 Quantum Hall pump
D = 1 Thouless pump
D = 0 Power pump
Case of a qubit
Principle of the experiment
Hamiltonian in the rotating frame
Chern insulator on the Lieb lattice
Topological power transfer between three modes
Topological power transfer
Numerical detection of topological transitions
Nonadiabatic pumping
DISCUSSION
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