Topoisomerases II Mutations in Ciprofloxacin-resistant Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Makassar, Indonesia

Abstract

Background: Ciprofloxacin constitute a clinically successful and widely used class of broad-spectrum antibiotics; however, the emergence and spread of resistance increasingly limits the use of this fluoroquinolone in the treatment and management of microbial disease. Ciprofloxacin is the most frequently used member of the fluoroquinolones during initial eradication therapy of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The emergence of ciprofloxacin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) has been reported. In this study, we examined mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions of the topoisomerase II (GyrA) genes of 11 clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa that resistance to ciprofloxacin. Methods: In this study we examined the relationship between gene mutations of topoisomerase II (gyrA) with ciprofloxacin resistance of P. aeruginosa. The examination performed by disc diffusion test followed by RFLP-PCR. Results: The results of disc diffusion test showed that 13 samples were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, 11 samples were resistant to ciprofloxacin. In this study we found mutation in GyrA in 6 (54.5%) of ciprofloxacin resistant samples. There was no mutation found in ciprofloxacin sensitive samples. Conclusion: Mutation in topoisomerases genes are the main mechanism of fluoroquinolone resistance in P. aeruginosa.