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Abstract
The Loess Plateau in China is internationally known for its unique geographical features and has therefore been studied by many researchers. This research exploits the regional differences in the spatial morphological characteristics of Loess shoulder lines in different landform types as an important basis for geomorphological regionalization. In this study, we used ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD), multi-fractal detrended fluctuation analysis (MF-DFA), and detrended cross-correlation analysis (DCCA) to analyze topographic data series extracted from shoulder lines. Loess shoulder-line land variations series data from the Suide, Ganquan, and Chunhua areas on the Loess Plateau were selected and a combination of the two above-mentioned methods was used to study land variations at these three sample sites. The results revealed differences in the topographic variations of the multi-fractal characteristics and the topographic spatial variation in the Loess shoulder line of the three sample sites. Furthermore, the extent to which the results were affected by noise and the analysis scale differed among the three areas.
Highlights
The Loess Plateau of China has drawn the attention of many researchers worldwide for its unique geographical condition, geomorphologic research values, loess landform feature, and its special natural and cultural landscapes [1,2]
These studies mainly focused on research with the view of developing and evaluating technologies and methods, and there is a lack of research and discussion on the role of terrain data in the study of the topography and geomorphology of the Loess Plateau
An existing method has been put forward to study the spatial distribution based on the landform planation index (LPI), which is the terrain derivative extracted from Digital Elevation Model (DEM) [33]
Summary
The Loess Plateau of China has drawn the attention of many researchers worldwide for its unique geographical condition, geomorphologic research values, loess landform feature, and its special natural and cultural landscapes [1,2]. Digital land surface analysis has been used to extract the basic terrain derivatives (e.g., slope and aspect) [15,16] and to study complicated applications (e.g., paleo-topographic reconstruction and landform classification) [17,18,19,20,21] of the Loess Plateau. Few researchers have applied the quantitative index of the shoulder lines to study the spatial distribution of the Loess Plateau land at present. This research mainly focuses on the introduction of the multi-fractal spectrum exponent and Hurst exponent in order to describe the topographic variation law of different landform types that can reflect the overall macro- and local micro-pattern of the land surface of the Loess Plateau. The research results provide quantitative information in support of the loess landform classification
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