Abstract
Background: Purple cabbage or also known as red cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata f. rubra) contains polyphenols, especially anthocyanin (cyanidin-3-diglucoside-5-glucoside). Anthocyanin has a protective effect against radical oxidative superoxide (ROS). Thus it can prevent skin damage caused by ultraviolet (UV)-B radiation.Aim: The research aims to prove the effectivity of distribution of purple cabbage ethanol cream extract prevented the decrease of dermal collagens on Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) exposed to UV-B rays.Method: This research was arranged with the randomize post-test only control group design. 30 rats were divided into 6 groups containing 5 rats each, there are control group (P1) without distribution of any cream, Treatment Group (P2) with a distribution of base cream (placebo), (P3) sunblock 33 SPF, (P4) 5%, (P5) 10 %, and (P6) 20 % smeared by purple cabbage ethanol cream extract. All groups exposed to UV-B with a total dose of 840 mJ/cm2 for 4 weeks. Then a sampling rats skin was done for examining the level of collagen skin with Sirius red staining. The level of collagen was calculated by the percentage of the area of the pixel of collagen and was compared with the pixels of entire dermal tissues.Result: The result demonstrated that the mean of collagens in The First Group/P1 (57.74%) and P2 (60.84%) decreased more significantly than P3 (82.17%), P4 (68.23%), P5 (76.93%), and P6 (84.54%) following UV-B exposure. The Post Hoc result showed that there was no significant difference in the level of collagen in the control group and placebo group and the sunblock group with the purple cabbage’s ethanol cream extract group of 20% (p>0.05).Conclusion: the distribution of purple cabbage ethanol cream extract prevented the decrease of dermal collagens on male Wistar rats skin exposed to UV-B.
Highlights
Indonesia is a tropical country which has a high temperature.[1]
In this study showed that in the Treatment Group given 5%, 10% and 20% of purple cabbage ethanol extract can prevent the decrease in the level of dermal collagen caused by UV-B exposure (Figures 1)
The level of collagen between the sunblock group and the group of ethanol extract of purple cabbage 20% after the post-hoc test was obtained p>0.05 (Tabel 2), which means no significant difference. This suggests that the effect is more vital to prevent a decrease in the level of collagen compared to the group given 5%, 10% cream, placebo and control groups which means the addition of cream doses can add cream effectiveness as strong as sunblock as a prototype antioxidant that can provide protection from UV-B exposure
Summary
Indonesia is a tropical country which has a high temperature.[1]. Living in a tropical country means more exposure to sunlight. Antioxidants are factors that can reduce ROS, both topical and systemic.[18] Based on the source of the acquisition there are two kinds of antioxidants, namely natural antioxidants and synthetic antioxidants (synthetic).[19] The human body does not have antioxidant reserves in excess level, so if there is exposure to excessive radicals, the body needs exogenous antioxidants.[20] The presence of concerns about the possible unknown side effects of synthetic antioxidants causes natural antioxidants to be a much-needed alternative.[20,21]. Antosianin protects collagen through a mechanism of inhibition of phosphorylation of tyrosine kinase, the enzyme inactivation of EGF (Epidermal Growth Factor).[29,30]
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