Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by elevated immunoglobulin E (IgE), mast cell infiltration and skin lesions including pruritus, erythema and eczema. Cudrania tricuspidata extracts have been clinically administered for a long time in the East Asia including Korean and China as a home-remedy to diminish the inflammation of gastritis and hepatitis. To examine whether it works on AD or not, an AD-like animal model was experimented in this study. AD was induced by applying Dermatophagoides farinae (D. farinae) extract to the backs of 9-week old NC/Nga mice for 21 days. Following this, an ethanol extract of C. tricuspidata stems (EECT) was applied topically for 14 days to the sensitized skin, while distilled water was used as a control (EECT0 mice). Anti-AD effects of EECT were evaluated using scores for AD-like skin lesions, serum IgE levels and mast cell counts in the skin dermal layers to assess inflammation. Topically applied ethanol extract of Cudrania tricuspidata stems (EECT 7.5, 25 and 75 mg/mL) markedly reduced AD-like skin lesions after 4 days (by 30.1%, 31.4% and 38.5%, respectively) and also after 14 days (by 63.6%, 66.1% and 49.6%, respectively), while distilled water improved AD by 17.8% and 38.7%, respectively (p D. farinae extract (p = 0.003) and EECT attenuated the mast cell overproduction, and reduced mast cell degranulation markedly. Attenuation was most obvious in the early stage of EECT treatment when the AD was most acute.
Highlights
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease accompanied by representative symptoms such as itch, erythema, excoriation, edema, dryness and scaling [1]
AD-like skin lesions were reduced by the 14-day EECT treatment
The extent of the AD reduction increased by 14 days of EECT treatment (63.6% ± 9.8% vs. 66.1% ± 6.3% vs. 49.6% ± 12.9%, respectively), and to a lesser extent
Summary
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease accompanied by representative symptoms such as itch, erythema, excoriation, edema, dryness and scaling [1]. It is very prevalent in infants and nowadays has spread to adolescents and adults. Its causes are not fully understood, but inflammatory dysregulation of the immune system of the skin and mucous membranes in response to allergens is probably involved. This immunologic disturbance is reflected in elevated serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) resulting from increased inflammatory cell infiltration into the skin, and is dominated by type helper T-cells [2]. Sensory evaluation of the disturbance caused by such skin lesions or determination of IgE levels is used to diagnose or evaluate AD [3]
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