Abstract
Due to the intensification of production in irrigated areas, maize hasbeen sown in winter, enabling three seasons in one agricultural year. The objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic performance of maize under irrigation and cultivated in winter under different plant arrangements (single and doublerow) under top-dressing nitrogen doses. The experimental design used was in randomized blocks in a split-plot scheme, with four replicates. Plots were formed by sowing systems single and double rows and subplots were formed by four top-dressing N doses: 0 kg ha-1 of N; 80 kg ha-1 of N with single application in phenological stage V3; 160 kg ha-1 of N with application of 80 kg ha-1 in V3 and V6, and 240 kg ha-1 of N with application of 80 kg ha-1 in stages V3, V6 and V8. The single-row sowing system led to higher grain yield compared to maize grown in the double-row system. Maize grain yield showed progressive linear increments with increasing top-dressing N doses, reaching 11,089 kg ha-1 of grains with the maximum studied dose of 240 kg ha-1 of N. Sowing systems in single and double rows do not differ with respect to the use of top-dressing N.
Highlights
Resumo - Devido à intensificação de produção em áreas irrigadas, o milho tem sido semeado no inverno, possibilitando três safras em um ano agrícola
The N nutritional status of plants was affected by the factors sowing systems and/ or top-dressing N doses (Table 1)
Chlorophyll index and leaf N content were influenced by both the sowing system and the top-dressing N doses applied in maize
Summary
Resumo - Devido à intensificação de produção em áreas irrigadas, o milho tem sido semeado no inverno, possibilitando três safras em um ano agrícola. As parcelas foram formadas pelos sistemas de semeadura linhas simples e duplas e as subparcelas formadas por quatro doses de nitrogênio em cobertura: 0 kg ha-1 de N; 80 kg -1 de N com aplicação única no estádio fenológico V3; 160 kg ha-1 de N com aplicação de 80 kg ha-1 de N em V3 e V6 e 240 kg ha-1 de N com aplicação de 80 kg ha-1 nos estádios V3, V6 e V8. Studies indicate that maize cultivars with shorter cycles have lower production potential than medium- and late-cycle cultivars (Crusciol et al, 2013) In this context, the evaluation of systems that can increase the yield of super-early cultivars is essential to increase the revenue obtained by the producer. The response to N fertilization is due to the high demand for this nutrient in maize crop, because it is the most extracted and most exported macronutrient (Fornasieri Filho, 2007; Xu et al, 2020)
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