Tooth size discrepancy in orthodontic patients among different malocclusion groups

Abstract

An appropriate relationship of the mesiodistal (MD) widths of the maxillary and mandibular teeth favours optimal post-treatment results. The aims of this study were to determine whether there is a difference in the incidence of tooth size discrepancies among different skeletal malocclusion groups and if gender dimorphism exists. The dental casts and lateral cephalometric radiographs of 301 Croatian subjects (127 males and 174 females, mean age 16.86 +/- 2.93 years) were selected from a larger sample of records of the archives of the Orthodontic Department, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Croatia. The subjects were from malocclusion groups according to Angle classification, with the corresponding skeletal characteristics. The MD dimensions of all teeth from first molar to first molar were measured on the dental casts using digital callipers. Statistical analysis was undertaken using Kolmogorov-Smirnov, t, and Scheffé's tests and one-way analysis of variance. A statistically significant gender difference was found in anterior ratio (P = 0.017). A significant difference in the overall and posterior ratio was observed between Class II and Class III subjects. There was a tendency for mandibular tooth size excess in subjects with an Angle Class III malocclusion and for maxillary tooth size excess in those with an Angle Class II malocclusion. The percentage of subjects more than 2 standard deviations from Bolton's means for anterior and overall ratios was 16.28 and 4.32, respectively.