Abstract

1. Discovery and Causation 2. Observations as Evidence 3. From Observations to Data 4. Experiments: The Gold Standard for Research 5. Correlations, Comparisons, and Causation 6. The Diverse Use of Models in Biology 7. Genes, Environments, and the Complexity of Causation 8. From Causes to Consequences: Considering the Weight of Evidence 9. Science as a Social Process 10. Critical Thinking about Climate Change Appendix 1. Units of Measurement Used in This Book Appendix 2. How Does Evolution Work? Appendix 3. Sensory Worlds of Humans and Other Animals Appendix 4. Global Climate Change: How Can Amateurs Comprehend Complex Models? Appendix 5. The Mystery of Missing Heritability Appendix 6. Mapping Arguments to Aid Critical Thinking About the Weight of Evidence Appendix 7. What are the Benefits of Organic Farming? The Weight of Evidence Appendix 8. Global Climate Change: Evaluating Expert Opinion References Credits Index

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