Abstract
Beginning with the basic concepts which relate total drawing stress to ideal deformation, redundant shear and friction, rods of various copper alloys were cold drawn to determine the effect of die angle on drawability. The experimentally determined drawing forces are compared with values calculated from current theory. Tool angle optimization is then extended to the design of tools for the production of Zr-2.5 wt pct Nb pressure tubes used in CANDU reactors. The predicted tool angles are compared with empirically optimized tools and demonstrate that optimization experiments carried out with small rod or tube samples can be used to predict the tool geometry necessary for the production of full size CANDU reactor pressure tubes. Finally, the study of tool angle optimization is expanded to include its effects on strains and strain rates occurring in a tube during its passage through the drawing tools. The application of this work is illustrated in relation to the production of DHP copper tubing.
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