Tomography of the fast electron bremsstrahlung emission during lower hybrid current drive on TORE SUPRA

Abstract

A new tomography dedicated to detailed studies of the fast electron bremsstrahlung emission in the hard x-ray (HXR) energy range between 20 and 200 keV during lower hybrid (LH) current drive experiments on the TORE SUPRA tokamak [Equipe TORE SUPRA, in Proceedings of the 15th Conference on Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research, Seville (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1995), Vol. 1, AIEA-CN-60 / A1-5, p. 105] is presented. Radiation detection is performed by cadmium telluride semiconductors, which have most of the desirable features for a powerful diagnosing of magnetically confined hot plasmas—compact size, high x-ray stopping efficiency, fast timing characteristics, good energy resolution, no sensitivity to magnetic field, reasonable susceptibility to performance degradation from neutron/γ-induced damages. This instrument is made of two independent cameras viewing a poloidal cross-section of the plasma, with respectively 21 and 38 detectors. A coarse spectrometry—8 energy channels—is carried out for each chord, with an energy resolution of 20 keV. The spatial resolution in the core of the plasma is 4–5 cm, while the time sampling may be lowered down to of 2–4 ms. Powerful inversion techniques based on maximum entropy or regularization algorithms take full advantage of the large number of line-integrated measurements for very robust estimates of the local HXR profiles as a function of time and photon energy. A detailed account of main characteristics and performances of the diagnostic is reported, as well as preliminary results on LH current drive experiments.