Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been commonly used in treating many diseases, such as cancer and infectious diseases. We investigated the different effects of PDT on three main pathogenic bacteria of periodontitis — Prevotella melaninogenica (P.m.), Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g.) and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A.a.). The portable red light-emitting diode (LED) phototherapy device was used to assess the exogenous PDT effects with different light doses and photosensitizer concentrations (Toluidine blue O, TBO). The portable blue LED phototherapy device was used to assess the endogenous PDT effects with the use of endogenous photosensitizers (porphyrin) under different light doses. We found out that both exogenous and endogenous PDT were able to restrict the growth of all the three bacteria significantly. Moreover, the optimal PDT conditions for these bacteria were obtained through this in vitro screening and could guide the clinical PDT on periodontitis.
Highlights
Periodontitis is an in°ammatory disease of the gingival tissue, which is caused by bacteria residing in the plaque biolm on the subgingival tooth surface
Dose and 5 g/mL toluidine blue O (TBO) concentration, which was dened as best killing e®ect point (BKEP)
In our study, using portable lightemitting diode (LED) phototherapy devices, which are much smaller and less costly with easier access than the light sources in previous studies, we have demonstrated that both exogenous and endogenous PDT have killing e®ects in vitro on P :m:, P :g: and A:a: — the three main pathogenic bacteria in periodontitis
Summary
Periodontitis is an in°ammatory disease of the gingival tissue, which is caused by bacteria residing in the plaque biolm on the subgingival tooth surface. Periodontitis is considered as the most common dental disease, which a®ects 30–50% of the adults in industrialized nations.[1] The in°ammation leads to pocket formation in the gum tissue, attachment loss, bone destruction and possible tooth loss . Periodontitis is a disease caused by numerous risk factors, including bacteria, host conditions and environments.[2] Numerous species of bacteria residing in the plaque biolm are most responsible for generating and maintenance of the in°ammation.[3] Prevotella melaninogenica Physical treatment might cause gingival damages and root-dentin hypersensitivity. Novel treatment strategies have been used in the prevention and therapy of periodontitis, including photodynamic therapy (PDT)
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