Abstract
Studies show that Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) responds not only to double stranded (ds) RNA and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid[ Poly( I: C ) ], a chemical analog of viral dsRNA, but also to host-derived mRNA. In respond to its ligands, TLR3 activates innate immunity and provides costimulatory molecules for adaptive immunity by two different pathways, a myeloid differentiation factor (MyD)88-dependent pathway and a MyD88-independent pathway. TLR3 plays an important role in the development of autoimmune diseases,mainly by type Ⅰ interferon (IFN) production, especially in type 1 diabetes and autoimmune thyroid diseases. Key words: TLR3; Type 1 diabetes mellitus; Autoimmune thyroid diseases
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