Abstract
Since the middle of the 18th Century, the Bourbon governments became obsessed with the public order vigilance, because of Esquilache´s riot caused fear of the crowd. In the meantime the episcopal authorities close to Jansenism, and adversaries of the popular base, attempted to banish the superstitious, and inmoral popular religious acts that Tridentine discipline had not got to eradicate. Even though the changes and the repressions applied during the 18th Centurie had the hoped outcomes. The Church attitude was cautious and limited to reassert the image of its power, and to eradicate what were considered that the governmental reforms desecrated a lot. This attitude was similar to the civil Government. If the activated repression caused tensions and complaints, it would have be better to go on tolerating the Custom. From the large documentary signs about fairs, and local religious festivities, this paper examine a socio-cultural daily life related to transgressions, resistances, and established negotiations when the rulers tried to accomplish the discipline Tridentine Project.
Highlights
MANUEL PEÑA DÍAZ the superstitious, and inmoral popular religious acts that Tridentine discipline had not got to eradicate
Since the middle of the 18th Century, the Bourbon governments became obsessed with the public order vigilance, because of Esquilaches riot caused fear of the crowd
Even though the changes and the repressions applied during the 18th Centurie had the hoped outcomes
Summary
RESUMEN: Desde mediados del siglo XVIII, los gobiernos borbónicos se obsesionaron con la vigilancia del orden público, tras el motín de Esquilache pesó mucho el miedo a la multitud. Las autoridades episcopales, cercanas al jansenismo y con una aversión instintiva hacia lo popular, intentaron desterrar las supersticiones y la inmoralidad de los actos religiosos populares que el disciplinamiento tridentino no había conseguido erradicar. La actitud de la Iglesia fue prudente, limitándose a reafirmar la imagen de su autoridad y a erradicar lo que consideraba que profanaba notoriamente y en exceso. Esta actitud fue similar a la del Gobierno, si la represión podía provocar tensiones y sonoras protestas era mejor seguir tolerando la costumbre. A partir de numerosos indicios documentales sobre ferias y romerías, en este estudio de historia socio-cultural de la vida cotidiana se analizan las transgresiones, resistencias y negociaciones que se establecieron cuando las autoridades intentaron rematar el inacabado proyecto de disciplinamiento tridentino. PALABRAS CLAVE: Tolerancia; vida cotidiana; fiestas, siglo XVIII; historia cultural
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