Abstract
This work evaluated the potential of lead (Pb) phytoextraction by forage peanut, Arachis pintoi, cultivated on an Oxisol and a Gleysol. The samples of these soils received Pb as lead acetate heptahydrate (Pb(C2H3O2)2.7H2O) at rates of 0, 150 and 300 mg kg-1. The plants were cultivated in pots filled with Pb contaminated soil, and 105 days after planting were collected to determine shoot and root dry matter. Lead contents in soil and plant samples were determined using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Lead did not affect shoot dry matter yield in both soil classes, but linearly reduced root dry matter. The highest Pb concentration in the plant was detected in the A. pintoi shoot. This species is not a Pb accumulator but may be considered Pb tolerant and is indicated for revegetation programs in Pb-polluted soils.
Highlights
The Paraíba do Sul river basin is part of the territories of the states of São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais, constituting one of the most important industrial regions of Brazil.In this region, physical, chemical and biological soil problems resulting from anthropogenic activities such as improper waste disposal, road construction, dams, mining activities and improperly managed agricultural areas are frequent, resulting in soil contamination by metals.In this watershed Soares et al (2008) documented the occurrence of Oxisols and Gleysols, which present very distinct pedological characteristics, such as the greater presence of clay and organic matter in the Gleysols
The pots were maintained in a seedling nursery in a completely randomized factorial design with 6 treatments, combining lead-contaminated soil (Gleysol and Oxisol) at the Pb concentrations 0 (Control), 150, 300 mg kg-1 each consisting of five replicates
The Brazilian standards defined by the Resolution CONAMA 420/2009 (Brazilian Environmental Council) consider soil contaminated when this value is above 72 mg kg-1
Summary
The Paraíba do Sul river basin is part of the territories of the states of São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais, constituting one of the most important industrial regions of Brazil In this region, physical, chemical and biological soil problems resulting from anthropogenic activities such as improper waste disposal, road construction, dams, mining activities and improperly managed agricultural areas are frequent, resulting in soil contamination by metals. It is frequently used as forage in grass-intercropping pastures (Lima et al, 2003), but due to their excellent ground cover, with a dense layer of stolons and ability to grow under shading, in addition to providing biological nitrogen fixation, it can be used to control erosion and assist in recovery of degraded areas (Miranda et al, 2008) The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the potential of lead (Pb) phytoextraction by forage peanut, Arachis pintoi, from contaminated Oxisol and Gleysol soils.
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