Abstract
The herbicide saflufenacil is a Protox inhibitor, with differential translocation mode in comparison to other herbicides with the same mechanism of action. Selectivity, efficacy and safety to the environment are important characteristics for practical application of a herbicide in agriculture. The aim of this study was to determine the tolerance of ten dry bean cultivars to saflufenacil, applied on preemergence. The experiment was conducted in split plot randomized blocks design with ten dry bean cultivars (IAPAR 81; IPR Tiziu, IPR Corujinha; BRS Estilo; BRS Talismã; BRS Esplendor; BRS Campeiro; BRS Radiante, BRS Vereda and Jalo Precoce) allocated in plots and saflufenacil concentrations (0, 14.7 and 29.4 g ha- 1) in subplots. Evaluations were performed at 21 and 28 days after application (DAA) and plant height at 28 and 35 DAA. At physiological maturity were evaluated plant height, first pod height , number of pods per plant, 400 grains weight and dry beans grain yield. The cultivar Talismã showed low sensitivity to the herbicide and the cultivar Jalo Precoce high sensitivity to the herbicide, considering all variables analyzed.
Highlights
Brazil is the largest world producer of dry beans, with acreage in the crop year 2010/11 estimated at 3.9 million ha and total yield of 3.8 million tons (Barbosa; Gonzaga, 2012)
Among the annual crops grown in Brazil, the dry bean crop is the one with the greatest percentage loss to weed interference
This study evaluated the tolerance of ten dry bean cultivars to saflufenacil applied preemergence conditions of the crop, in clayey soil
Summary
Brazil is the largest world producer of dry beans, with acreage in the crop year 2010/11 estimated at 3.9 million ha and total yield of 3.8 million tons (Barbosa; Gonzaga, 2012). Among the annual crops grown in Brazil, the dry bean crop is the one with the greatest percentage loss to weed interference. In Brazil there are few herbicides registered for use on dry beans. Among the desirable features of herbicides for use in the crop are good selectivity for cultivated species, favorable toxicological safety properties and environmentally friend and residual activity in the soil enough for weed control during the critical period of weed competition with the crop (Soltani, Bowley; Sikkema, 2005). Herbicide selectivity is the capacity to control weeds that are infesting the crop without reducing the yield and quality of the final product. There are herbicides that affect crop productivity without visually detectable effects and other that can cause strong injuries with no influence on final yield (Velini et al, 2000)
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