Tolerability of axitinib in advanced renal cell carcinoma: A meta-analysis.

Abstract

e16536 Background: Axitinib has been used extensively as a single agent or in combination with immunotherapy in the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma. It can be often discontinued due to adverse events. A meta-analysis of clinical trials was performed to evaluate the overall tolerability of axitinib in this setting. Methods: PubMed (Up to November 2020) was searched to identify clinical trials of axitinib in advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Reported data was collected to include axitinib and control discontinuation due to adverse events. A random or fixed effects model was used to determine summary incidences, relative risks, and 95% confidence intervals depending on the heterogeneity of included studies. Results: A total of 11 studies including 4,056 patients (axitinib alone n = 1384, axitinib combination n = 987, control n = 1685) were included for analysis. The summary discontinuation rate for axitinib due to adverse events was 13.4% (95% CI; 11.7-15.2%) with 8.9% (95% CI: 5.3-14.6%) as a single agent and 26.6% (95% CI:17.8 –37.8%) in combination with other agents. In comparison with controls based on randomized controlled studies, axitinib overall has similar discontinuation rate due to adverse events (RR: 1.18, 95% CI: 0.77-1.80). However, there was a significantly higher discontinuation rate with axitinib in combination with other agents including immunotherapeutic agents PD-L1 inhibitors than control treatment (RR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.24-1.86). Conclusions: The tolerability of axitinib may vary significantly with its use as a single agent or in combination in the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma. Further studies are needed to improve its tolerability as a part of combination therapy.