Tobacco use profiles by respiratory disorder status for adults in the wave 1-wave 4 population assessment of tobacco and health (PATH) study

Abstract

Limited evidence exists on the association between electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) and chronic respiratory disorders. This study examines the association of combustible tobacco and ENDS use with chronic respiratory disorders among US adults. Public-use data from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study Wave 1 (2013–2014), Wave 2 (2014–2015), Wave 3 (2015–2016), and Wave 4 (2016–2018) were pooled. Analyses focused on adults with W1–W4 respiratory disorder data and current tobacco use at W4, as well as youth entering the adult cohort at W2 through W4 (N = 26,072). We fit weighted multivariable logistic regression models for each respiratory outcome (asthma, COPD, bronchitis) using W4 longitudinal weights. Cigarette smokers (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.8, 95 % CI 0.7–0.9) were less likely to report an asthma diagnosis (p = 0.013). In contrast, ENDS users (AOR = 6.5, 95 % CI 3.7–11.5), cigarette smokers (AOR = 6.1, 95 % CI 4.0–9.1), dual users of cigarettes and ENDS (AOR = 5.4, 95 % CI 3.4–8.7), current users of non-cigarette combustible, smokeless, and polytobacco products (AOR = 4.4, 95 % CI 3.1–6.4), and former users of any product (AOR = 3.0, 95 % CI 1.9–4.7) had significantly elevated odds of reporting a diagnosis of COPD (p < 0.001). Similar patterns to COPD were observed for bronchitis (p < 0.001). Current and former tobacco use, including ENDS, were significantly associated with prevalence of self-reported COPD and bronchitis after controlling for demographic and psychosocial confounders.