Abstract
Tobacco farmers are at risk for disease due to work directly related to pesticide exposure and the absorption of wet leaf tobacco nicotine that is Green Tobacco Sickness (GTS). This study aimed to determine the value of Willingness to Pay (WTP) of tobacco farmers in the Jember Regency for health insurance because they are at risk of exposure to GTS disease. The method used in this research is a contingent valuation method (CVM). The sample of 394 respondents have interviewed. By binary logistic regression, it is showed that 64% of respondents are willing to pay health insurance, income, education level, and green tobacco sickness significantly influence the WTP, while age variable, family, and periods of work has no effect on WTP. The results of this study are expected to provide input to policy makers in the framework of providing health insurance for tobacco farmers of many regions in Indonesia.
Highlights
Farmers are very vulnerable to various aspects of life, especially health problems
Tobacco farmers are at risk of contracting Green Tobacco Sickness (GTS), a disease caused by pesticide exposure and tobacco leaf nicotine absorbed through the skin (Fotedar & Fotedar, 2017)
Based on the results of research conducted on 394 respondents, 64% were willing to pay for health insurance because they were at risk of exposure to green tobacco sickness, while 36% of respondents were not willing to pay for health insurance
Summary
Tobacco farmers are at risk of contracting Green Tobacco Sickness (GTS), a disease caused by pesticide exposure and tobacco leaf nicotine absorbed through the skin (Fotedar & Fotedar, 2017). Sixty-six percent of tobacco farmers in Jember reported symptoms of GTS with symptoms found to be dizziness, nausea, and tiredness, with the percentage of avoidance not well below 65% (Rokhmah, 2013). Tobacco plantations in Indonesia are concentrated in three provinces, namely East Java (108,000 ha), Central Java (44,000 ha), and West Nusa Tenggara (22,000 ha). The highest proportion of tobacco farmers in Indonesia in 2016 was the province of East Java at 62.61% of 561,586 farmers (Direktorat Jenderal Perkebunan, 2016). One of the biggest contributors to tobacco production in East Java is Jember. Tobacco farming is a sector that plays an important role in increasing
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