Abstract
The independent and joint effects of prenatal tobacco and childhood lead exposures on ADHD in a national sample of US children were studied by researchers at Cincinnatti Children's Hospital, OH; British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada; and University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.
Highlights
TOBACCO AND LEAD EXPOSURES AND ADHDThe association of prenatal tobacco exposure and ADHD has been demonstrated in previous studies, one involving a national data base population, but this is the first indication of a potentiation of effect when combined with childhood low level lead exposure
Prenatal tobacco exposure and third tertile (1.3-5 mcg/dL) current blood lead concentrations were independently associated with ADHD. (Children with lead levels >5mcg/dL were excluded)
Mexican American and black children had lower risks compared to non-Hispanic white children
Summary
The association of prenatal tobacco exposure and ADHD has been demonstrated in previous studies, one involving a national data base population, but this is the first indication of a potentiation of effect when combined with childhood low level lead exposure. A similar association with ADHD is reported with a combination tobacco and alcohol prenatal exposure. Patients with ADHD are 2.5 times more likely to be exposed to alcohol in utero and 2.1 times more likely to be exposed to tobacco. Pediatric Neurology Briefs 2010 is a risk factor for ADHD that is independent of prenatal exposure to nicotine and other familial risk factors. Advice regarding hazards of nicotine and alcohol exposure and monitoring of blood count and thyroid function during pregnancy are important for patients with a family history of ADHD.
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