Abstract
The automatically paired time of arrival (TOA) and direction of arrival (DOA) can be jointly estimated via a high‐precision multidimensional spectral peak search‐ (SPS‐) based multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm in the impulse radio ultrawideband (IR‐UWB) positioning system, while heavy computational burden is required. To tackle this issue, we propose an improved root‐MUSIC algorithm for joint TOA and DOA estimation. After modelling the frequency domain form of the received signal, the algorithm first uses the signal subspace to establish the relationship between the two antennas. Then, the MUSIC spatial spectrum function is reconstructed with this relation, which enables it to offer a spectrum function in regard to the one‐dimensional (1D) parameter of time delay. For further reducing the complexity, the TOA estimates of one antenna are obtained via 1D polynomial root finding instead of SPS, and the TOA estimates of the other antenna can be calculated by the established relationship. Finally, the DOA estimation can be achieved with the estimated TOAs. Due to the relationship between two antennas with signal subspace, the parameters estimated by the proposed algorithm are autopaired. Numerical simulations substantiate the superiority of the proposed algorithm.
Highlights
Impulse radio ultrawideband (IR-UWB) technique, which yields the advantages of a high data rate, low power consumption, low computational complexity, low power spectrum, and great immunity to multipath fading, has been widely applied in various fields, e.g., radar, location, and wireless communications [1,2,3,4,5]
For Time of arrival (TOA) estimation, the parameter estimation method based on time domain signal processing mainly includes a coherent detection method using pulse template matched filter [7], incoherent TOA estimation algorithm based on energy detection [8,9,10,11], and two-step TOA estimation algorithm based on energy detection and coherent detection [12]
We have presented a subspace-based improved root-multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm with an IR-UWB system for joint TOA and direction of arrival (DOA) estimation
Summary
Impulse radio ultrawideband (IR-UWB) technique, which yields the advantages of a high data rate, low power consumption, low computational complexity, low power spectrum, and great immunity to multipath fading, has been widely applied in various fields, e.g., radar, location, and wireless communications [1,2,3,4,5]. For TOA estimation, the parameter estimation method based on time domain signal processing mainly includes a coherent detection method using pulse template matched filter [7], incoherent TOA estimation algorithm based on energy detection [8,9,10,11], and two-step TOA estimation algorithm based on energy detection and coherent detection [12] These algorithms obtain the TOA estimation with the arrival time of the direct path (DP) component. Due to the multipath effect of the UWB signal, especially in nonline-of-sight (NLOS) conditions, the resolution of the aforementioned methods declines because DP is no longer the strongest path (SP) in general To address this issue, various TOA estimation approaches with superresolution based on frequency domain processing were proposed, such as the minimum norm spectrum estimation algorithm [13], multiple signal classification algorithm [14], and propagation operator method (PM) [15]. These algorithms first model the frequency domain channel impulse response and subsequently employ spectral peak search (SPS) to obtain TOA estimation, which leads to the increase of system complexity and the deterioration of real-time performance
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