To Use or Not to Use: Exploring Therapists' Experiences with Pre-Treatment EMA-Based Personalized Feedback in the TheraNet Project.

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Using idiographic network models in psychotherapy has been a growing area of interest. However, little is known about the perceived clinical utility of network models. The present study aims to explore therapists' experiences with network model-based feedback within the context of the TheraNet Project. In total, 18 therapists who had received network-based feedback for at least 1 patient at least 2 months prior were invited to retrospective focus groups. The focus group questions related to how participation in the study influenced the therapeutic relationship, how the networks were used, and what might improve their clinical utility. The transcribed focus groups were analyzed descriptively using qualitative content analysis. Most therapists mentioned using the feedback to support their existingtheir case concept, while fewer therapists discussed the feedback directly with the patients. Several barriers to using the feedback were discussed, as well as various suggestions for how to make it more clinically useful. Many therapists reported skepticism with regards to research in the outpatient training center in general, though they were also all pleasantly surprised by being involved, having their opinions heard, and showing a readiness to adapt research to their needs/abilities. This study highlights the gap between researchers' and therapists' perceptions about what useful feedback should look like. The TheraNet therapists' interest in adapting the feedback and building more informative feedback systems signals a general openness to the implementation of clinically relevant research. We provide suggestions for future implementations of network-based feedback systems in the outpatient clinical training center setting.