To understand the reproductive tract microbiome associated with infertility through metagenomics analysis

Manisha Vajpeyee,Parikshit Tank,Shivam Tiwari,Lokendra Bahadur Yadav

doi:10.1186/s43043-021-00078-z

Manisha Vajpeyee, Parikshit Tank + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/s43043-021-00078-z

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Abstract

BackgroundKnowledge of the microbiome is in its infancy in health and human illness, especially concerning human reproduction. We will be better able to treat dysbiosis of the reproductive tract clinically if it is better explained and understood. It has been shown that altered vaginal microbiota affects parturition, and its function is uncertain in assisted reproductive technologies. However, the effects of recognized microbes such as Mycoplasma tuberculosis, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae are well established, resulting in subclinical changes which are considered to be risk factors for infertility and poor reproductive outcomes.Main bodyRecent studies indicate that the vaginal tract comprises several different organisms of the microbiome. Some microbiota can play an important role not only in the reproductive tract but also in overall health. The microbiome of the female reproductive tract has been identified mainly based on studies that examine vaginal samples across many reproductive technologies, using a metagenomics approach.ConclusionAlteration of reproductive tract microbiota or presence of certain microbiota irrespective of the level of pathogenicity may interfere with fertilization, implantation, and subsequent embryo development. This may lead to failed fertility treatments and reduced live birth rate (LBR).

Highlights

Metagenomics: 16S rDNA amplicons sequencing With the help of metagenomics, strategies may have the capability to direct examining the microbial composition and phylogenetic diversity associated with an incredibly complex microbial population
Microorganisms are like especially bacteria and archaea, which can be detected in 16S rRNA genes by amplifying unique target regions with a combination of conserved primer binding sites and intervening variable sequences to facilitate genus and species identification
Which is shown that women have abnormal bacteria that colonize in the vaginal cavity, and bacterial vaginosis [Bacterial vaginosis (BV)] are the capability to increased risk for preterm birth [PTB], early pregnancy loss [37] and failure of In vitro fertilization (IVF) therapy [38]

Summary

Conclusion

Alteration of reproductive tract microbiota or presence of certain microbiota irrespective of the level of pathogenicity may interfere with fertilization, implantation, and subsequent embryo development.

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