Abstract
Based on long-term observations, the assessment of the pollution of the rivers of the Central Caucasus was carried out by comparing the calculated coefficients of the complexity of pollution and the specific combinatorial index of pollution of surface waters, and the quality classes were determined. The results of chemical analysis of the concentration levels of trace impurities (Mo, Pb, Zn, V, Ni, Cr, Mn, Ag) and inorganic nitrogen compounds (NO2 -, NO3 — and NH4 +) in the waters of 13 rivers in two permanent sections of each watercourse were used. The results of calculating the indicators of pollution in the waters of rivers of winter low water and summer high water are presented. The most polluted watercourses and the frequency of pollution in each river are identified, estimated by the values of the specific combinatorial index of water pollution, the coefficient of complexity of pollution, and the class of water quality is presented. The assessment of the most polluted water bodies during the winter low-water period and summer flood is given according to the classification of water quality. According to long-term observations, the features of watercourses and their differences in terms of pollution are presented.
Highlights
Прослежено изменение уровня загрязнения по значениям удельного комбинаторного индекса загрязненности вод (УКИЗВ) и качества вод в одном и том же створе
Оценка загрязненности речных вод показала, что воды рек Урух, Ардон, Чегем и Лескен относятся к наиболее благополучным водам
Summary
Концентрация, загрязнение, микропримеси, неорганические соединения азота, индекс загрязнения, зимняя межень, летнее половодье. Измерение концентраций микропримесей (Mo, Pb, Zn, V, Ni, Cr, Mn, Ag) и неорганических соединений азота (NO2-, NO3- и NH4+) проводилось в двух створах (предгорной и равнинной зонах) каждой реки в основные фазы водного режима. Классификация качества воды, проведенная на основании значений УКИЗВ, позволяет разделять поверхностные воды на 5 классов в зависимости от степени их загрязненности: 1-й класс – условно чистая; 2-й класс – слабо загрязненная; 3-й класс - загрязненная; 4-й класс – грязная; 5-й класс – экстремально грязная.
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