To the history of the study of malignant
 tumors and the organization of cancer
 service in Kazakhstan

Abstract

Relevance: Ivan Petrovich Pavlov once said, «Never grasp
 the next without mastering the previous.» Current scientific
 studies on cancer, and not only cancer, make little use of the
 historical method. However, the analysis of an issue in the
 dynamics of historical development contributes to better understanding and making sound decisions. The materials on
 morbidity, mortality, the history of cancer research, and the
 development of the cancer service in Kazakhstan contribute
 to the formation of historical thinking and erudition.
 The purpose of the study was to analyze the cancer
 incidence in Kazakhstan based on the materials of scientific
 works of N.F. Kramchaninov of 1960-1970s and to uncover
 the directions and results relevant today.
 Results: Kazakhstani scientists have actively and fruitfully participated in the study of cancer epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, and prevention. Cancer diseases have
 been reported starting from the XIX century, with a constant
 growth trend. The role of UV rays in skin cancer etiology
 was studied for a long time and in detail; specific preventive
 measures were proposed.
 Conclusion: The results obtained by researchers of past
 years deserve a thorough analysis, use in current conditions,
 and further research.