To Study the Prevalence of Urinary Tract Infection Its Bacteriological Profiling and the Drug Resistance Pattern of the Patients at a Tertiary Care Centre in Muzaffarpur, Bihar, India

Abstract

Introduction: Urinary tract infections account for the majority of hospital visits worldwide and are a leading cause of morbidity and comorbidity in patients with underlying illnesses. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) and the spread of antibiotic resistance among uropathogenic bacteria remained major public health concerns. A targeted empirical antibiotic therapy necessitates routine evaluation of the microbiological organisms causing UTIs and their antimicrobial resistance. Aim and objective: To Study the Prevalence of Urinary Tract Infection its Bacteriological Profiling and the Drug Resistance Pattern of the patients at a Tertiary Care Centre Material and Methods: This was a Cross sectional study carried out in the Department of Microbiology, at New reliable path lab and Path Diagnostic Laboratory, Muzaffarpur, Bihar for a period of 24 months i.e, between April 2021 to April 2023. A total of 1000 urine freshly voided mid- stream urine sample were collected in a sterile wide mouth container from the individuals preliminary routine urine tests positive for pus cells and albumin. All the urine samples were processed within one hour after the collection for aerobic bacterial culture. If delayed, samples were refrigerated and processed within 4 - 6 hrs. The identification , biochemicals and the AST pattern was done according to the CLSI guidelines 2021. Results: In the present study total of 1000 urine samples were received in which 450 (45%%) urine samples were showing significant growth for UTI. The ratio of females were 284 (63.1%) more as compared to that of the males 166 (36.8%) with the maximum age of 31-40 (44.8%) years of age followed by 21-30 (26.2%) was affected the most. In the age group of 0-10 years and above 71 years was the least affected with the infection. It was observed that the maximum number of isolates were from the E.coli 180 (40%) followed by Klebsiella pneumonia 120 (26.6%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 55 (12.2%), Acinetobacter baumanii 26 (5.6%) , and Staphylococcus aureus 30 (6.6%) for gram positive followed by Proteus 23 (5.1%) least for Enterococcus with 3.5%. The days of catheterization were observed to be the maximum in 4-7 followed by 8-12 days. It was clear that out of the total samples the comorbidity with diabetes was found to be low (16.4%). It was also observed that patients with hypertension and the kidney disease were observed to be low as compared to the healthy individuals. The maximum number of days with fever was observed to be maximum in 4-7 days, least for 1-3 days and 8-12 days In the present study the resistant rate for Ampicillin was observed to be 88.8% followed by Co-trimoxazole and cefotaxime with 89.1%. Imipenem and Nitrofurantoin were sensitive with (89.5%). Conclusion: The cost of UTI prevention can be reduced by doing the routine checks and the strict implementation of the antibiotic stewardship programs. The cost of UTI prevention can be reduced by doing these routine checks.