To Study the Osteoporosis in Pre and Post Menopausal Women

Abstract

Background: In India and surrounding Asian countries, osteoporosis is becoming a public health issue. The study was aimed to assess the risk factors for osteoporosis in preterm and postmenopausal women because the risk factors for natural osteoporosis in women in these nations are similar. Osteoporosis is a major public health concern around the world. In the United States, an estimated 10 million persons aged 50 and over had osteoporosis, with more than 5 million women, including 4.5 million women and 800,000 men, suffering from the disease. The highest rate of osteopenia and osteoporosis among Arab women was recorded in Kuwaiti women 50 years or older, with even higher rates reported in the Saudi Arabian State (KSA) among women of the same age, with 31% having osteopenia and 40% having lumbar spine osteoporosis.
 Aim: The purpose of the study was to determine the risk factors for developing osteopenia and osteoporosis in pre- and postmenopausal women, to assess pre- and postmenopausal women's knowledge of osteoporosis prevention, and to assess the relationship between osteoporosis knowledge and selected demographic variables.
 Material and Method:
 In December 2020, a systematic literature search was conducted. This search included the months of January 2018 through December 2020. The key terms "osteoporosis," "menopause," and "risk factor" were used to conduct a literature search in Pub Med and Google Scholar.
 Results:
 The overall prevalence of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women is 41 percent, while it is 53 percent in India alone. In comparison to other countries, China is studying a variety of risk factors. The maximum risk variables were investigated in China, but not in India, Korea, or Japan. As a result, age, height, postmenopausal status, and exercise were taken into account in the final study. Age was investigated as a non-modifiable risk factor for osteoporosis in all four countries: India, China, Korea, and Japan. Calcium consumption and a variety of workouts were discovered to be useful modifiable factors. Other characteristics, such as age, height, and postmenopausal status, are unchangeable. All four countries evaluated age as a non-modifiable risk factor for osteoporosis: India, China, Korea, and Japan.
 
 Conclusion: The current study discovered a link between osteoporosis awareness and marital status, previous osteoporosis knowledge, and health information source. In postmenopausal women, adequate calcium and vitamin D intake, as well as a variety of workouts, might be considered preventive strategies for osteoporosis.
 Keywords: Menopause, osteoporosis, risk factor, early detection, prevention of osteoporosis.