Abstract
In the present paper the hydrological regime around Sukhna wetland is studied to know how a wetland is functioning, its influence on hydrology of the area and wetland-groundwater interactions. The subsurface geology of boreholes drilled around Sukhna wetland reveals thick zones of boulders, pebbles, gravels, sand and clay at different depths. In this area there are two type aquifer systems i.e., shallow and deep. The depth for shallow aquifer ranged 2-20 m bgl and in deeper aquifers ranged 10 above 40 m bgl. The water level fluctuations for the period 1985-2013, indicates the declining water level trend in both the seasons i.e., pre monsoon (May) and post monsoon (November) due to over exploitation by tubewells installed by the Public Health Department, UT, Chandigarh for providing domestic water supply. The water table elevation contour maps for May and November months in Chandigarh for years 1986, 1991, 1999, 2005 and 2012 reveals that the regional ground water flow direction is from Northeast to Southwest and there in no significant temporal variations in regional ground water flow direction. On the basis of hydrological regime study around Sukhna wetland it is inferred that no appreciable rise in water levels has been observed around Sukhna wetland but it is contributing recharge in the upper shallow aquifer system in the central part of Chandigarh and below as the subsurface groundwater flow is towards south and south west direction
Highlights
Wetlands are important ecosystems which perform wide range of hydrological functions such as groundwater recharge and discharge, flood flow alterations, sediment stabilization, water quality etc. [1]
The present paper provides an overview of subsurface geology, aquifer system, depth to water tables, water level fluctuations, ground water flow pattern and wetland ground water interactions around Sukhna wetland
To understand the hydrogeological regime and wetland-ground water interactions around Sukhna wetland, the subsurface geology, aquifer system, depth to water tables, water level fluctuations and ground water flow pattern in Chandigarh area are studied and discussed below: Subsurface geology Chandigarh city is occupied by semi consolidated formations of upper Siwalik system of middle Miocene age exposed in the northeastern parts
Summary
Wetlands are important ecosystems which perform wide range of hydrological functions such as groundwater recharge and discharge, flood flow alterations, sediment stabilization, water quality etc. [1]. The understanding of hydrological regime and wetland-ground water interactions around any wetland is important. It helps in knowing how a wetland is functioning, its influence on hydrology, hydrochemistry and ecology of the wetland [3]. The groundwatersurface water interaction processes are based on the concept of hydrological connectivity [6,7]. This refers to physical linkage of water with rivers, wetlands and surrounding catchment [6,8]. The understanding of hydrogeology and wetland- groundwater interactions around Sukhna wetland is important for an effective management of this surface water resource. The present paper provides an overview of subsurface geology, aquifer system, depth to water tables, water level fluctuations, ground water flow pattern and wetland ground water interactions around Sukhna wetland
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