Abstract

Polish-Lithuanian Muslim Tatars are one of the traditional Polish minorities. They were the first Muslims to settle within the borders of Poland and Lithuania – countries united since 1385 by the ruler i.e. the king. In the fourteenth century, Tatars came to their new homeland from territories ruled by the Golden Horde which had been an Islamic state since the thirteenth century (Borawski & Dubinski, 1986, 15). First invited to Lithuania as mercenaries, they settled there as political refugees and war captives (Konopacki, 2010, 25f), and since the fifteenth century Tatars settled more systematically near the important political and economic centres (Tyszkiewicz, 2002, 16-17). Some Tatar craftsmen settled in cities, while others served at magnates’ courts or as translators of oriental languages (Kryczynski, 2000 [1938], 17).

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