Abstract
Abstract Although independence came peacefully to Nigeria in 1964, the British left a young state that was deeply divided along regional, ethnic, and religious lines. The predominantly Muslim and politically dominant North was outranked economically by the Eastern and Western regions, where Christianity and traditional religions prevailed. A flawed constitution and electoral corruption produced an explosive mix in the First Republic, until two military coups, six months apart, brought the military to power in 1966. With tensions still rising, pogroms against Easterners living in the North sent the survivors fleeing back home. Within months Eastern secessionism reached a fever pitch, and the young nation was plunged into a brutal civil war.
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