To Explore the Mechanism of Periplaneta americana Extracts and Rebeprazole Intervention in Gastric Mucosal Injury Based on ERS Pathway

Abstract

The mechanism of Periplaneta americana extracts and rabeprazole in treating gastric mucosal injury were explored through ER stress pathway. Acute gastric mucosal injury model rats were made by intragastric administration of anhydrous ethanol. The rats were then randomly assigned to different groups: model group, Periplaneta americana extracts group, rabeprazole group and combined drug group of rabeprazole and Periplaneta americana extracts, with 6 rats in each group. A normal control group, comprising of six rats, was fed a standard diet. Drug groups were treated with intragastric administration for 3 days. The apparent morphological changes of gastric mucosal injury repair in each group of rats were observed. The length and width of the damaged erosion bands were measured and recorded by vernier caliper, and the index of gastric mucosal damage of rats was calculated using the Guth 57 standard method. Pathological repair of gastric mucosal damage was visualized using hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE). The protein expression of gastric mucosa glucose regulated protein (GRP 78), transcriptional activator 6 (ATF 6), C/EBP (CHOP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) by protein immunoblot (Western Blot, WB). The content of prostaglandin 2 (PGE 2) in the gastric mucosa and serum was observed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The results were compared between the other groups and the model group. Intervention treatment in each experimental group demonstrated effective improvement of gastric mucosal injury, reduction in the index of gastric mucosal injury, downregulation of the protein expression of GRP 78, ATF 6, CHOP, and IL-6 in the gastric mucosa. Increasing the content of PGE2 in gastric mucosa and serum, and promoting the repair of inflammation. Notably, the combined drug group exhibited the most significant intervention effect, with a statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). Periplaneta americana extracts, Rabeprazole alone and in combination have different degrees of protection and repair effect on gastric mucosal injury. The regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) may affect the mechanism of action, reducing the protein expression of inflammatory factors, increasing the expression level of PGE2, and promoting the recovery of normal physiological metabolic environment of gastric mucosa.