To Explore China’s Future Choices of Fertility Policy According to South Korea’s Experiences

Abstract

China and South Korea both belong to the East Asian countries, their regional culture and the historical background are similar, and both two countries have the same choice of policy, and both obtained outstanding achievements in population control. South Korea has entered the super population aging era. Facing the aging population and low fertility level, the South Korean government began to change the policy direction in the 1960's, from birth control to encourage fertility. The formation of China's family planning policy is the result of a long historical process, and the current is still in constant adjustment and improvement process. This paper attempts to review the historical development process and the reasons of fertility policy, carries on the analysis and evaluation of policy effect, to explore suitable for China's more reasonable planning policy according to South Korean fertility policy experiences. Index Terms - South Korea, experience, family planning policy, enlightenment I. Foreword Population problem restricts the development of a nation's economy, the use of social resources and distribution. Under the condition of limited bearing capacity of natural environment, populations have important influence on the development of economic and social change. One country need to develop population policies in different periods to promote the healthy and sustainable development of social economy. Since the founding of new China, our country carried out different fertility policy in different historical period, especially the strict family planning policy to control population growth has made significant achievements. The main population problems of our country now are still huge population base, population aging, the obvious contradiction between population and environment resources, etc . In view of our country will face from endowment , economic development, social and other aspects of the multiple pressure in the future, China's family planning policy should shift towards a more reasonable direction, and clearly realize the population long-term balanced development, alleviate the contradiction between the population resource, environment and economic development. By contrast , South Korea's culture and historical background of the demographic transition are similar to China's , South Korea's experiences and lessons in the process of fertility policy adjustment has very good enlightenment and reference to China. II . Historical evolution and comparison of China and