To Evaluate the Epidemiology, Etiology, Risk Factors and Treatment Management in Chronic Kidney Disease in Children, Adult and Geriatric Patients in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Nellore

Abstract

Chronic renal failure is a life-threatening disease to society. The study was conducted from October 2021 to June 2023 the study was done in the Nephrology inpatient ward, Vijaya Super Speciality Hospital, Pogathota Nellore, Andhra Pradesh. The study design is a cross-sectional for epidemiology and prospective observational study-1 for etiology, II-risk factors, III-treatment management. The sample size are 381 subjects in that children are 51 subjects, adult 171 subjects and geriatric are 159 subjects. The male are 199 volunteers and the female are 182 volunteers with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The result of this study was the epidemiology factor more in adults (45%) when compared to children (13%) and geriatrics (42%). In the sex parameters are less affected to females (48%) and males (52%) are more affected with chronic kidney disease. The etiology causes in children are glomerulonephritis, adults diabetes mellitus (DM) and geriatrics pyelonephritis these are the main causes for chronic renal disease when compared to other etiological causes. Risk factors in children are congenital defects, adult are diabetes mellitus and geriatric are kidney disease these are the risk factors to the renal failure patients. In treatment management, hemodialysis is the most effective treatment to adults when compared to children’s and geriatric eng stage renal failure disease. The conclusion of this study initially may rectify causes and risk factors of the patients may not high prevalent in end-stage renal failure disease it not cause hemodialysis therapy and renal transplantation in children, adults and geriatric patients.