Abstract
Objective: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by symptoms – sneezing, itching, nasal congestion, and rhinorrhea. The aim of the study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of rupatadine, bilastine, and levocetirizine in AR. Methods: A prospective, open-label, comparative study was conducted at the Government ENT Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana. Ninety patients diagnosed with AR were randomized, of whom Group 1 received oral tab. bilastine 20 mg once daily, Group 2 received oral tab. levocetirizine 5 mg once daily, and Group 3 received oral tab. rupatadine with a dose of 10 mg once daily for 2 weeks. The reduction in total nasal symptom score (TNSS) and absolute eosinophil counts (AECs) was compared with baseline and at 2 weeks. Safety was assessed according to adverse events reported during the study period. An analysis of variance was used as a test of significance for the three groups. Results: Overall, 90 cases were included in the study, with 48% of males and 52% of females. All three drugs significantly reduced the TNSS and AEC after treatment compared to before treatment (p<0.05). The mean difference in TNSS and AEC showed no statistically significant difference among the three groups (TNSS: p>0.908 and AEC: p>0.967). In terms of safety, all three drugs showed nearly similar adverse events. Conclusion: In this study, after 2 weeks of follow-up, the three drugs (bilastine, levocetirizine, and rupatadine) showed significant improvement clinically, but the mean reduction in the score of symptoms and AEC was not statistically significant in the treatment of AR.
Highlights
Allergy is an immune-mediated inflammatory response to common environmental allergens that are otherwise harmless [1]
The study comprised a total of 90 allergic rhinitis (AR) cases from the allergy clinic of the Government ENT Hospital, Hyderabad
Groups A, B, and C treated with drugs bilastine, levocetirizine, and rupatadine are given
Summary
Allergy is an immune-mediated inflammatory response to common environmental allergens that are otherwise harmless [1]. The harmless substance is called an “allergen.” Clemens Peter Freiherr von Pirquet, an Austrian, and Bela Schick, a Hungarian, are the two pediatricians, coined the term “allergy” from the Greek words allos, meaning “other” and ergon, meaning “reaction” to describe hypersensitivity reactions [2]. Rhinitis, anaphylaxis, food, drug, or insect allergies. The burden of allergic rhinitis (AR) is immense, accounting for 55% of all allergies. Seasonal AR (SAR) is traditionally caused by outdoor allergens such as pollen from trees, grass, and weeds. Perennial AR (PAR) patients exhibit symptoms year-round and are generally triggered by indoor allergens such as pets, dust mite hair, clothing, or pet dander [4]
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