Abstract
Background: In people with chronic kidney disease (CKD), cognitive decline is one of the major causes for poor outcome in terms of quality of life and survival rate. Previous studies have found an association between cardiovascular disease and psychiatric disorders in people with CKD. Physicians should keep in mind that the psychiatric changes and cognitive decline seen in all stages of CKD is to be detected early in the course of the disease, for timely management of it and for better outcome in terms of survival rate.
 Aim: The goal of this study is to evaluate cognitive performance in patients with chronic renal disease
 Material and Method: The study was conducted from March 2019 to april 2021 in department of general medicine and nephrology clinic at KDMCH, Mathura. Between March 2019 to april 2021, baseline data were obtained. The study included 108 participants (58 with CKD and 50 with ESKD). ESKD patients were ‘CKD patients with dialysis’. Various tests were used to assess brain function.
 Results: ESKD patients had significantly lower scores on the 3MS, TMT-A and TMT-B trials, with a difference between TMT-A and B than CKD patients. In ESKD patients, the numbers less than 3MS of speech and fluency memory, as well as visuo-position and structure, were significantly lower. ESKD patients had the highest number of patients with psychiatric disorders, as measured by the outpatient testing scores listed above 3MS, TMT-A, and TMT-B. ESKD patients had significantly higher levels of depression than CKD patients.
 Conclusion: Higher cognitive decline was found in the ESKD group in comparision to non-dialysis CKD group. Also ESKD was associated with higher rates of cerebro-vascular disease, cardio-vascular disease and peripheral artery disease.
 Keywords: Chronic Kidney Disease, ESKD, eGFR and cognitive impairment
Highlights
chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing public health issue
Aim: The goal of this study is to evaluate cognitive performance in patients with chronic renal disease Material and Method: The study was conducted from March 2019 to april 2021 in department of general medicine and nephrology clinic at KDMCH, Mathura
ESKD patients had the highest number of patients with psychiatric disorders, as measured by the outpatient testing scores listed above 3MS, TMT-A, and TMT-B
Summary
CKD is a growing public health issue. Kidney failure is common in people of all ages, but especially in adults. People with CKD at any stage are more likely to have a mental disability, which can be a major factor in their quality of life. Cerebrovascular disease is a major risk factor for impairment in the brain, and vascular disease is a greater cause of cognitive decline in people with CKD than Alzheimer's disease. In people with chronic kidney disease (CKD), cognitive decline is one of the major causes for poor outcome in terms of quality of life and survival rate. Previous studies have found an association between cardiovascular disease and psychiatric disorders in people with CKD. Physicians should keep in mind that the psychiatric changes and cognitive decline seen in all stages of CKD is to be detected early in the course of the disease, for timely management of it and for better outcome in terms of survival rate.
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