Abstract
Currently, in Brazil, 1.78% of the population area blood donors, a level lower than the ideal one that, according to WHO, should be between 3% and 5% of the population. Following this scenario, the current study has a general goal of identifying and analyzing the main critical factors of the process of blood donation in the city of Belo Horizonte, MG, under the perception of donors, potential donors and non donors. A qualitative research approach was conducted, through twenty-four semi-structured interviews. The results highlight the lack of information in the various stages of the blood donation system. During the stages of donor recruitment and awareness, communication actions convey to society incomplete information about the donation process, discouraging future actions of donation. On the other hand, a lack of appreciation of the donation experience and the construction of social values associated with the donor prevent the multiplication of social behaviors for donation. The results of this study, found from theoretical framework outlined in this study, highlight the causes or critical factors that impede changes in behavior, incremental or radical, proposed by social marketing.
Highlights
An exponential growth in demand for blood donations has been identified worldwide in the last decade, including in Brazil
The general objective of this study aims to identify and analyze the most critical factors in the blood donation process, from a sample of participants from the city of Belo Horizonte, MG, considering the perception of donors, potential donors and non-donors of blood
The statements of the participants in this survey point to a number of critical factors related to blood donation, which prevent, discourage and / or discourage potential donors and non-donors to participate in blood donation and remain active for future donations
Summary
An exponential growth in demand for blood donations has been identified worldwide in the last decade, including in Brazil. Approximately 1.8% of the population are blood donors[1], but according to recommendations, the ideal index should be between 3% to 5%2. According to the propositions of Brazilian law, the act of donating blood is entirely voluntary and anonymous, not allowing any type of retribution[1]. Between the years 2012 and 2014, the average number of blood samples taken was 3,613,930 procedures annually[3]. If considering the year 2014, 94% of these were conducted by the Unified Health System (SUS) and 6% by purely private services. The total haemotherapic services performed in the country, 61.43% are carried out by public centers, 31.69% by centers affiliated with SUS and 6.87% exclusively private[1]
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