Abstract
ABSTRACTIntroduction: Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) refers to a group of conditions that compromise the harmonious movement and function of the temporomandibular joint, masticatory muscles, and associated structures. The etiopathogenesis of TMD is multifactorial but not well-understood, with the role of genetic factors still being unclear. Objective: This review aims to summarize the results of studies that evaluated TNF-α levels and the -308G/A TNF-α polymorphism in TMD patients. This study emphasizes the importance of a more selective treatment involving TNF-α inhibitors that can potentially reduce inflammation and pain, and improve quality of life.Methods: The MEDLINE/PubMed database, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science database were searched for case-control studies published until September 2020 that compared levels of TNF-α or presence of its -308G/A polymorphism in TMD patients and healthy individuals. Results: Six case-control studies were identified with a total of 398 TMD patients, aged between 12 and 78 years. The control group consisted of 149 subjects, aged between 18 and 47 years. The occurrence of TMD was predominant in females. Majority of studies found high TNF-α levels in TMD patients, compared to the control group. One of these studies found a positive correlation between the GA genotype and the development of TMD.Conclusion: Majority of the TMD patients showed elevated TNF-α levels, and a possible explanation for this could be the presence of the -308G/A polymorphism.
Highlights
Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) refers to a group of conditions that compromise the harmonious movement and function of the temporomandibular joint, masticatory muscles, and associated structures
This review aims to summarize the results of studies that evaluated TNF-α levels and the –308G/A TNF-α polymorphism in TMD patients
Introdução: A disfunção temporomandibular (DTM) é definida como um grupo de alterações que comprometem a articulação temporomandibular, os músculos mastigatórios e as estruturas associadas
Summary
Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) refers to a group of conditions that compromise the harmonious movement and function of the temporomandibular joint, masticatory muscles, and associated structures. The etiopathogenesis of TMD is multifactorial but not well-understood, with the role of genetic factors still being unclear. Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) refers to a group of conditions that compromise the harmonious movement and function of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), masticatory muscles, and associated structures.[1]. Chronic TMD commonly occurs as orofacial pain, and is considered a public health problem.[2]. It occurs more frequently and severely in women than in men.[3]. The etiopathogenesis of TMD is multifactorial and involves joint and muscle trauma, anatomical factors, psychosocial aspects, and sensitization of nociceptive pathways, but the role of genetic factors in the etiology of TMD remains unclear and needs to be investigated.[6]. Pharmacotherapy involves anti-inflammatory agents, analgesics, muscle relaxants, and in certain situations, tricyclic antidepressants; in certain cases, these therapeutics are not successful and patients suffer with persistent pain.[8]
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