TLS-handshake for Plug and Charge in vehicular communications

Abstract

Electric vehicle technology has brought some important issues to order. Securing the communication between electric vehicle and charging station is an important one. The International Organization for Standardization released ISO 15118 standard to specify the communication between electric vehicles and electric vehicle supply equipment. The ISO 15118 standard requires Transport Layer Security function for secure charging communication between electric vehicle and charging station as mandatory. The Transport Layer Security requirements have been completely changed with the latest version of the standard (ISO 15118-20) and have not been clearly described and implemented yet. The implementation of the function causes an inevitable vulnerability due to non-functioning authentication resulting with the entire vehicle function and security system can suddenly stop working. For this reason, new Transport Layer Security protocol must urgently be analyzed, developed, integrated, and implemented.This study proposes solutions for the development, implementation, realization of Transport Layer Security handshake requirements and functions between electric vehicle and charging station with ISO 15118 protocol. The new and existing Transport Layer Security requirements, analyzed, evaluated and the new Transport Layer Security functions derived and fully described. Based on these requirements and functions, a Transport Layer Security communication sequence and processes are developed and implemented and validated on the test bench. The validation proved sufficient implementation of the Transport Layer Security functions (successful authentication, exchange of cipher suite parameters and generation of the TLS master key). The messages were prosperous encrypted and decrypted with the generated master key. Thus, Transport Layer Security handshake is developed, implemented, and validated with this study.