Abstract
The types of titanium species and contents in commercialized hollow titanium silicalite (HTS-1) zeolite are essentially related to their ammoxidation performance. XRD and combined TEM methods were used in this study to identify the titanium species in the deactivated HTS-1 zeolite discharged from cyclohexanone ammoxidation unit. Core–shell structure of crystalline–amorphous TiO2 was observed for the first time in the deactivated HTS-1 zeolite. The results of their catalytic activities in phenol hydroxylation are in line with the analysis. This study provided valuable information to understand the deactivation mechanism of HTS-1 zeolite in cyclohexanone ammoxidation.
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