Abstract
The presence of satisfactory bone volume is fundamental for the achievement of osseointegration. This systematic review aims to analyse the use of titanium meshes in guided bone regeneration in terms of bone gain, survival and success rates of implants, and percentages of exposure. An electronic search was conducted Articles were selected from databases in MEDLINE (PubMed), SCOPUS, Scielo, and Cochrane Library databases to identify studies in which bone regeneration was performed through particulate bone and the use of titanium meshes. Twenty-one studies were included in the review. In total, 382 patients, 416 titanium meshes, and 709 implants were evaluated. The average bone gain was 4.3 mm in horizontal width and 4.11 mm in vertical height. The mesh exposure was highly prevalent (28%). The survival rate of 145 simultaneous implants was 99.5%; the survival rate of 507 delayed implants was 99%. The success rate of 105 simultaneous implants was 97%; the success rate of 285 delayed implants was 95.1%. The clinical studies currently available in the literature have shown the predictability of this technique. It has a high risk of soft tissue dehiscence and membrane exposure although the optimal management of membrane exposition permits obtaining a sufficient bone regeneration volume and prevents compromising the final treatment outcome.
Highlights
Satisfactory bone volume is the first condition for obtaining a predictable long-term prognosis in oral implantology
The present systematic review aimed to evaluate the results reported in the literature evaluating the following aspects: (a) the success rate of this technique regarding the quantity of augmented bone; (b) the complications rate by means of exposure; (c) the implants survival and success rate
Based on the literature presented, it is possible to assess that the use of a titanium mesh in combination with autologous and/or heterologous particulate grafts represent a safe and predictable technique to increase vertical and/or horizontal bone volume in cases of defects in partially edentulous patients, in the treatment of small and medium-sized defects around dental implants and alveolar ridge preservation after tooth extraction
Summary
Satisfactory bone volume is the first condition for obtaining a predictable long-term prognosis in oral implantology. Some patients may present inadequate bone, which frequently makes difficult the successful outcome of the correct implant placement. Different techniques have been developed to increase bone volume, but at the present time, guided bone regeneration (GBR) represents the gold standard in bone regeneration for implant placement [1,2]. In the last two decades, several membrane designs have been studied. They can be divided into two categories: absorbable and non-resorbable, with different physical and biomaterial properties between them, but all types must have some properties such as Coatings 2021, 11, 316 biomaterial properties between them, but all types must have some properties such as biocompatibility, tissue integration, space-making, cell selectivity, tissue integration, and bciloincoicmalpmatiabnialigtye,atbisilsiutye [in5,t6e]g. They can be divided into two categories: absorbable and non-resorbable, with different physical and biomaterial properties between them, but all types must have some properties such as Coatings 2021, 11, 316 biomaterial properties between them, but all types must have some properties such as biocompatibility, tissue integration, space-making, cell selectivity, tissue integration, and bciloincoicmalpmatiabnialigtye,atbisilsiutye [in5,t6e]g. rTahtieonp,hsypsaicea-lmanakdinbgio, mcealltesreilaelctpivroitpye, rttisiessueofinttheegrmateimonb,raanndes cwlinililcainlfmluaennacgeetahbeilditeyv[e5l,o6p].mTehnet pofhythseiciralfuandctiboino,maastewrieall pasrotphertrieessuoltf othf ethme etmrebartmaneenst, wthilelrienffloruee,nitcwe itlhlebedoefvgelroepatmimenptoortfatnhceeirtofukncotwionth,eaasdwvealnltasgetshaenrdesduilstaodfvtahnetatgreastomf eancth, thoef rtehfeomre,[5it,6w].ill be of great importance to know the advantages and disadvantages of each of theTmh[e5,n6o].n-resorbable barriers are expanded and dense forms of titanium-reinforced polyTtehteranflouno-roeseothrbyalebnle bmaermriebrrsanaeres e(ex-pPaTnFdEedanadnd-dPeTnFsEe),fothrme tsitoafntiuitmanifuomils-,raenindfoprecrefdoproaltyetdetritaaflnuiuomroemtheyshleense(pmremshbarpaendesor(ec-uPsTtoFmE iazned)d(-FPiTguFrEe),1t)h. e titanium foils, and perforated titanium meshes (preshaped or customized) (Figure 1)
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