Abstract
Background and introductionIt is a well-known fact that titanium particles deriving from dental titanium implants (DTI) dissolve into the surrounding bone. Although titanium (TI) is regarded as a compatible implant material, increasing concern is coming up that the dissolved titanium particles induce inflammatory reactions around the implant. Specifically, the inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is expressed in the adjacent bone. The transition from TNF-α-induced local inflammation following insertion of DTI surgery to a chronic stage of “silent inflammation” could be a neglected cause of unexplained medical conditions.Material and methodsThe signaling pathways involved in the induction of cytokine release were analyzed by multiplex analysis. We examined samples of jawbone (JB) for seven cytokines in two groups: specimens from 14 patients were analyzed in areas of DTI for particle-mediated release of cytokines. Each of the adjacent to DTI tissue samples showed clinically fatty degenerated and osteonecrotic medullary changes in the JB (FDOJ). Specimens from 19 patients were of healthy JB. In five cases, we measured the concentration of dissolved Ti particles by spectrometry.ResultsAll DTI-FDOJ samples showed RANTES/CCL5 (R/C) as the only extremely overexpressed cytokine. DTI-FDOJ cohort showed a 30-fold mean overexpression of R/C as compared with a control cohort of 19 healthy JB samples. Concentration of dissolved Ti particles in DTI-FDOJ was 30-fold higher than an estimated maximum of 1.000 μg/kg.DiscussionAs R/C is discussed in the literature as a possible contributor to inflammatory diseases, the here-presented research examines the question of whether common DTI may provoke the development of chronic inflammation in the jawbone in an impaired state of healing. Such changes in areas of the JB may lead to hyperactivated signaling pathways of TNF-α induced R/C overexpression, and result in unrecognized sources of silent inflammation. This may contribute to disease patterns like rheumatic arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and other systemic-inflammatory diseases, which is widely discussed in scientific papers.ConclusionFrom a systemic perspective, we recommend that more attention be paid to the cytokine cross-talk that is provoked by dissolved Ti particles from DTI in medicine and dentistry. This may contribute to further development of personalized strategies in preventive medicine.
Highlights
Background and introductionIt is a well-known fact that titanium particles deriving from dental titanium implants (DTI) dissolve into the surrounding bone
Patients with titanium implant (T-IMP) (n = 14) were selected. This T-IMP group consisted of patients with well-osseointegrated T-IMPs and with clinical symptoms of immune system disorders (ISD) diagnosed by internal medicine physicians with the following ISD as inclusion criteria: rheumatic arthritis (RA) = 7, neurodegenerative diseases characterized by a progressive loss of neuron function including chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and multiple sclerosis (MS) = 3, ovarian cancer (OvC) = 1, and atypical facial pain/trigeminal neuralgia (TrN) = 3
As we showed in several previous publications [6, 7], the defining characteristic of FDOJ regions is the overexpression of the proinflammatory messenger RANTES, which is regulated on activation by normal T cell expression and secretions known as Chemokine C-C motif ligand 5 (CCL5)
Summary
Background and introductionIt is a well-known fact that titanium particles deriving from dental titanium implants (DTI) dissolve into the surrounding bone. Discussion As R/C is discussed in the literature as a possible contributor to inflammatory diseases, the here-presented research examines the question of whether common DTI may provoke the development of chronic inflammation in the jawbone in an impaired state of healing Such changes in areas of the JB may lead to hyperactivated signaling pathways of TNF-α induced R/C overexpression, and result in unrecognized sources of silent inflammation. This may contribute to disease patterns like rheumatic arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and other systemic-inflammatory diseases, which is widely discussed in scientific papers. The effects of implants on overall health are often overlooked because local problems appear to resolve after the implants are healed and integrated
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
