Abstract
The titanium-enriched slag was obtained via atmospheric hydrochloric acid leaching of mechanically activated vanadium titanomagnetite concentrates (VTMCs). Under the influence of mechanical activation, specific physicochemical changes were observed via X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, and granulometric laser diffraction analysis. Experimental findings revealed that the mechanical activation of VTMCs resulted in a decrease in the median volume particle diameter (d50) and an increase in the specific surface area (SA) with an increased milling time. The results of the leaching experiment revealed that the mechanical activation treatment favors the extraction of iron (Fe) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) from the VTMCs. The Fe and TiO2 extractions from the mechanically activated sample after 10 h compared with the unactivated sample were increased by 12.82% and 4.73%, respectively. The presence of the ilmenite phase in the titanium-enriched slag was confirmed by X-ray diffractometry and EDS patterns, and the content of the TiO2 in the enriched slag can get as high as 43.75%.
Highlights
Introduction published maps and institutional affilThe vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite (VBTM) ore deposit in the Panzhihua–Xichang region, China, is a complex ore that contains many valuable elements, including titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), scandium (Sc), and gallium (Ga), and has high utilization value [1,2,3]
The micromorphology and element distribution maps of the vanadium titanomagnetite concentrates (VTMCs), milled products, and leaching residue were characterized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM, Quanta Q 400, FEI Company, Hillsboro, OR, USA)
TiO2 in the leach residue was analyzed by potassium dichromate titration and ammonium ferric sulfate titration methods, respectively
Summary
The vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite (VBTM) ore deposit in the Panzhihua–Xichang region, China, is a complex ore that contains many valuable elements, including titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), scandium (Sc), and gallium (Ga), and has high utilization value [1,2,3]. Vanadium titanomagnetite concentrates (VTMCs) and ilmenite concentrates are obtained via an enrichment process from the VBTM ore. The ilmenite concentrates are used as raw materials in producing titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) pigment [4,5]. In the blast furnace process, both the Fe and V in VTMCs are reduced to hot metal, while most of the Ti remains unreduced, subsequently forming the Ti-bearing blast furnace slag [9,10]. The Ti slag comprises varying content of TiO2 in the range of 22 wt.%
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