Abstract
TiO2 nanoparticleshave been synthesized by the sol-gel method using titanium alkoxide and isopropanolas a precursor. The structural properties and chemical composition of the TiO2 nanoparticles were studied usingX-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.The X-ray powder diffraction pattern confirms that the particles are mainly composed of the anatase phase with the preferential orientation along [101] direction.The physical parameters such as strain, stress and energy density were investigated from the Williamson- Hall (W-H) plot assuming a uniform deformation model (UDM), and uniform deformation energy density model (UDEDM). The W-H analysis shows an anisotropic nature of the strain in nanopowders. The scanning electron microscopy image shows clear TiO2 nanoparticles with particle sizes varying from 60 to 80nm. The results of mean particle size of TiO2 nanoparticles show an inter correlation with the W-H analysis and SEM results. Our X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectra show that nearly a complete amount of titanium has reacted to TiO2.
Highlights
Nanometer-scale materials have recently attracted considerable scientific attention because of their beneficial high surface to volume ratio and unique chemical, electronic, and physical properties
A structural characterization and chemical composition study was performed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Whereas the surface sensitive X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements were performed under ultra-high vacuum (UHV) condition, in a system exhibiting a base pressure of better than 2×10-10 mbar
Summary
Nanometer-scale materials have recently attracted considerable scientific attention because of their beneficial high surface to volume ratio and unique chemical, electronic, and physical properties. Kaviyarasu et al.[11] reported the fabrication, optical and microscopic studies of magnesium doped TiO2 NCs .optical, structural, and electronic properties of carbon-modified titanium dioxide nanoparticles synthesized by ultrasonic. Most of the research reports on the structural properties of nanoparticles dealt with the determination of structure type, physical and different microstructural parameters. X-ray diffraction line broadening studies give more useful information about the physical parameters such as crystallite size, dislocation density and strain.There are many analytical methods to evaluate the microstructure properties of materials such as the Scherrer’s equation[19], Williamson –Hall analysis[20], the integral breadth method[21] and size strain plot method[22]. A structural characterization and chemical composition study was performed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The measurements suggest that nearly a complete amount of titanium has reacted to TiO2
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