Abstract
Osseointegration has been defined as “a direct structural and functional connection between ordered, living bone and the surface of a load-carrying implant”. However, titanium and its alloys cannot directly bond to living bone after being implanted into the body. The osseointegration of titanium dental implants is critically dependent on the implant surface properties. Various surface modifications have been proposed in order to provide commercially pure titanium with bioactive bone bonding ability. In the present work, the titanium dental implant surface morphology was modified by acid etching and electrochemical treatments with the purpose of enhancing tissue response, and decreasing the waiting time for implant loading. The results show that surface morphology, topography, roughness and chemical composition were changed by the treatments and these changes has a significant influence on osseointegration. The best results were observed in the samples submitted to the electrochemical treatment.
Highlights
The aim of modern dentistry is restore contour, function, esthetic, speech, and oral health, regardless of atrophy, disease, or injury of the stomatognatic system [1]
It has been suggested that physiochemical and dielectric properties, crystal structure and surface morphology of titanium oxide films on dental implant surfaces play a crucial role in the biocompatibility and osseointegration of implants [3,4,5]
The surface morphology of anodized implant is characterized by small craters with holes at the center, like a volcano
Summary
The aim of modern dentistry is restore contour, function, esthetic, speech, and oral health, regardless of atrophy, disease, or injury of the stomatognatic system [1]. Current trends in clinical dental implant therapy include use of endosseous dental implants. The high success rate of titanium dental implants has been attributed to formation of a direct boneimplant interface with no intervening soft tissues [2]. Treatment of jaws with advanced resorption and poor bone quality presents a high rate of implant failure. It has been suggested that physiochemical and dielectric properties, crystal structure and surface morphology of titanium oxide films on dental implant surfaces play a crucial role in the biocompatibility and osseointegration of implants [3,4,5]. Numerous modifications for dental implants have been proposed and carried out to improve surface quality and to obtain the most biocompatible implant surface
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