Abstract
In this review, development of supported catalysts for the dehydrogenative synthesis of benzimidazoles from primary alcohols and 1,2-phenylenediamine derivatives is briefly summarized. Among them, titania-supported iridium catalysts showed excellent activities under mild reaction conditions. Remarkably, the low-temperature activity of iridium catalyst was significantly affected by titania supports, and the reaction of 1,2-phenylenediamine and benzyl alcohol in the presence of rutile-supported catalysts proceeded smoothly at 100 °C to give 2-phenylbenzimidazole in high yields of up to 88%. On the other hand, catalysts supported on anatase generally showed poor activity at 100 °C. A significant relationship between CO uptake and the activity of titania-supported catalysts has been reported, indicating that well-reduced iridium species on rutile would be responsible for the predominant catalytic activity. The present results suggest the importance of the selection of suitable titania supports for the iridium catalysts.
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