Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of vaccination against furunculosis on responses of oxidative stress and antioxidant defenses in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss muscle, gills, liver, and brain tissues. The oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde and carbonyl derivatives of protein oxidative destruction levels), antioxidant defenses (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase), and total antioxidant capacity in different tissues of rainbow trout were measured. Our data showed that exposure of trout to vaccine against furunculosis produced changes (either increase or decrease) in oxidative stress and antioxidant enzymes responses, and these responses showed marked organ differences, associated with tissue patterns. Our study demonstrated that vaccinated trout showed alteration in antioxidant defenses and oxidative stress responses, with higher severity in the liver, compared with other tissues. Our data also suggest that vaccination against furunculosis induced lipid peroxidation in gill and liver tissues. However, muscle and brain tissue are capable of restoring its pro- and antioxidant balance after vaccination.
Highlights
Salmonids are an important species for pond aquaculture and extensive open water fisheries in several European countries
A comparative study is made concerning the oxidative stress biomarkers, as well as activities of the antioxidant enzymes and total antioxidant capacity in white muscle, gills, liver, and brain tissues of the rainbow trout O. mykiss treated by vaccine against furunculosis
Aldehyde and ketonic derivates of carbonyl content in the trout vaccinated against furunculosis were significantly reduced in the muscle, gills, and brain tissue compared with the level in the control (Fig. 2)
Summary
Salmonids are an important species for pond aquaculture and extensive open water fisheries in several European countries. Infections with A. salmonicida and A. hydrophila are probably the most important disease problems in European aquaculture as they are widespread and cause disease both in fresh water and sea water (Press and Lillehaug 1995). Results of Skugor et al (2009) suggest that outcomes of vaccination depend largely on the ability of host to prevent the negative impacts of immune responses and to repair damages. This can be illustrated with the inductions of protease inhibitors, negative regulators of complement, and genes involved in metabolism of lipids and xenobiotics and growth factors. A comparative study is made concerning the oxidative stress biomarkers (lipid peroxidation and oxidatively modified protein levels), as well as activities of the antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase) and total antioxidant capacity in white muscle, gills, liver, and brain tissues of the rainbow trout O. mykiss treated by vaccine against furunculosis
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